Nationalism in India - Flowchart

Introduction to Nationalism in India

Nationalism in India developed as a response to colonial oppression and exploitation. The Indian national movement emerged in the 19th century and evolved through the early 20th century, influenced by global events and Indian leaders' strategies.

Impact of First World War

The First World War created a new economic and political situation, leading to increased prices, hardships for common people, and demands for new taxes. This period also saw the rise of assertive nationalism and increased participation in the independence movement.

Khilafat Movement

The Khilafat Movement was launched by Indian Muslims to protest the disintegration of the Ottoman Empire after World War I. Mahatma Gandhi saw this as an opportunity to unite Hindus and Muslims and launched the Non-Cooperation Movement in support of both Swaraj and the Khilafat cause.

Non-Cooperation Movement

Launched in 1920, the Non-Cooperation Movement was aimed at non-violent resistance to British rule. It included the boycott of British goods, institutions, and elections. The movement was called off in 1922 after the Chauri Chaura incident, where a violent clash led to the death of 22 policemen.

Demand for Swaraj

The term 'Swaraj' means self-rule. The idea of Swaraj was central to the Indian nationalist movement, with leaders like Mahatma Gandhi advocating for complete independence from British rule. The idea gained significant support among the masses, leading to various campaigns and movements.

Civil Disobedience Movement

Started in 1930, the Civil Disobedience Movement was marked by the refusal to obey certain laws, demands, and commands of the British government. It included acts like the Salt March, led by Gandhi, and was a significant step towards India’s independence.